The precision control of ЧПУ обработки for automotive chassis parts can be approached from multiple aspects. The following are some key points:
In terms of machine tools
Improve the accuracy of machine tools: Regularly maintain and calibrate CNC machine tools to ensure that all components are in the best condition. High-precision measuring tools are adopted for accuracy detection and adjustment to ensure that the geometric accuracy, positioning accuracy and repeat positioning accuracy of the machine tool meet the processing requirements.
Reducing the impact of thermal deformation: When CNC machine tools process parts, they release a large amount of heat, which can easily cause thermal deformation in the processing system, thereby reducing measurement accuracy and resulting in precision errors. Measures can be taken to reduce the impact of thermal deformation, such as conducting heat dissipation treatment on the key parts of the machine tool and controlling the temperature of the processing environment.
Regarding cutting tools
Reasonable selection of cutting tools: Choose appropriate cutting tools based on the processing materials and process requirements. When rough turning, tools with high strength and good durability should be selected to meet the requirements of large depth of cut and large feed rate. When performing finish turning, high-precision and durable tools should be selected to ensure processing accuracy.
Optimize tool management: Establish a tool management system, regularly inspect the wear of tools, and replace severely worn tools in a timely manner. Adopt tool radius compensation measures to reduce the influence of the tool tip arc radius, main deflection Angle, etc. of the turning tool on the machining accuracy. Add error compensation and processing codes during programming to optimize the CNC turning program to reduce cumulative errors.
In terms of process parameters
Optimize cutting parameters: Through experiments and simulation analysis, optimize cutting parameters to ensure the stability of the processing process and reduce errors caused by improper parameters. The selection of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut should be reasonable. The material to be processed, cutting tool and cutting conditions are the three major elements. The three elements of cutting conditions directly cause damage to the cutting tool.
Determine a reasonable processing route: The processing route should be able to ensure the processing accuracy and surface roughness requirements, shorten the processing route as much as possible, reduce the idle travel time of the tool, and at the same time, the connection between the processing route and the processing allowance should be considered.
Programming and operation aspects
Improve programming skills: Enhance the professional level of CNC programmers to ensure the accuracy of the programs. When programming, it is necessary to analyze the structure of the parts and reasonably choose the programming method, such as absolute value programming, incremental value programming or a combination of both.
Strengthen personnel training: Conduct regular training for operators to enhance their operational skills and problem-solving abilities. Operators should select the most suitable processing plan based on the precision requirements of the parts and strictly follow the operating procedures during the processing.
In terms of error compensation
Hardware error compensation: If the CNC lathe is a semi-closed loop servo system, compensation can be provided through reverse deviation, effectively reducing the precision error of the processed parts.
Programming compensation: Interpolation processing of CNC lathes is achieved through programming while maintaining the original state of the machinery. During the interpolation process, when the interpolation feed encounters reverse, providing the reverse clearance value and then performing formal interpolation can meet the tolerance requirements of the part. By compensating and correcting the coordinate displacement command value, the reverse deviation can be effectively reduced or even eliminated.
